Pericardial Effusions

1.       American College of Emergency Physicians. Emergency ultrasound guidelines – 2008. Ann Emerg Med 2009;53:550-570.

2.      Ceriani E, et al.  Update on bedside ultrasound diagnosis of pericardial effusion. Int & Emerg Med 2016;11(3).

3.      Labovitz A, et al.  Focused cardiac ultrasound in the emergent setting: a consensus statement of the American Society of Echocardiography and American College of Emergency Physicians. J Am Soc Echo 2010;23(12):1225-30.

4.      Mandavia D, et al.  Bedside echocardiography by emergency physicians. Ann Emerg Med 2001;38:377–382.

5.      Tayal V, et al.  Emergency echocardiography to detect pericardial effusion in patients in PEA and near-PEA states. Resuscitation 2003;59(3).

6.      Tsang T, et al.  Consecutive 1127 therapeutic echocardiographically guided pericardiocentesis:  Clinical profile, practice patterns, and outcomes spanning 21 years. Mayo Clin Proc 2002;77(5):429-36.

7.      Tsang T, et al. Echocardiographically guided pericardiocentesis: evolution and state-of the-art technique. Mayo Clin Proc 1998;73(7):647-52.

8.      Whye D, et al.  Echocardiographic diagnosis acute pericardial effusion in penetrating chest trauma. Am J Emerg Med 1988;6:21–23.